Geibtdiwg-mili



5.71. HYDE.

Grinding Mill.

Patented 0ct. 16, 1860.

W e n UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDVARD J. HYDE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

GRINDING-MILL.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 30,407', dated October 16, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. J. HYDE, of Philadelphia, in the co-unty ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Grinding-Mills; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, in which Figure l, represents a vertical central sectionof my invention. Fig. 2, is a plan or top view of the rotary grindingcone and disk, and, Fig. 3, is a similar view of the stationary disk andconcave.

Similar' letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral figures.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, represents a shell or case of cast iron or other material, which issecured in a suitable frame or box. Secured to this shell by means ofscrews is the stationary disk B, and I prefer to make the disk of aseparate piece from the case so that when the same is worn out, it canbe replaced without the necessity of throwing away the whole shell. Thecentral portion of this disk forms a concave C, to which grain or anyother substance, which is to be ground is introduced by means of a.hopper box iu the usual manner. Said concave is arranged with a seriesof ridges a, and it fits over a cone D, which forms the center of therotary disk E, and which is rigidly attached to the shaft or spindle F.Motion is i1n parted to the shaft by means of pulleys or by a crank asmay be desired, and it has one of its bearings in a boss d, on thecenter of one of the shells and its other bearing in a journal boxsecured to the framing which supports the mill, passing freely throughthe center of the concave C, and through an arc c, which is rigidlyattached to the shell A. When the mill is put in proper working orderthe shaft is adjusted by means of a set screw in the center of the boss(Z.

The grinding surfaces on the disks B, and E, are fornied of threedistinct parts. The concentric ridge e, encircles the grinding cone andthe mouth of the concave, sloping down toward the center and it isnotched all around on its inner side. This ridge, however, is notcontinuous, it being interrupted at regular distances by eccentric bridges f, which alternate with shorter ridges f, of similarconstruction, which latter however extend only to the outside of' theridge e. The ridges f, f', form the grinding surfaces, and their cuttingsides are furnished with diamond shaped notches g, which considerablyincrease the grinding capacity of my disks. Said notches, how ever, donot extend over the whole width of the ridges f, f, as clearly shown inFigs. 2, and 3, so that they produce both a cuttingand crushing surface.

The periphery of each of the disks is closed by a flange 7L, whichextends up to the same level with the ridges j", f', and these fiangesare provided with notches i, so that the ground substance when reducedto the required fineness can escape from the grinding surfaces withoutpacking between the eccentric ridges. These notches are made justopposite to the centers of the outer ends of the eccentric ridges f, f',and they lead to a channel y', between the outer circumference of thedisks and the inner circumference of the shell. From this channel theground substance escapes through the spout G. By this arrangement of thegrinding surfaces the substance to be ground is confined on the cone andin the concave by the concentric ridges c, and it finds its way to theeccentric ridges only after it has been reduced to a certain degree offineness. That part of the work, therefore, which takes mostpower-namely, the crackingis done nearer to the center and it causes notso much st-rain on the driving shaft than it does with ordinary millswhere a portion of the substance escapes to that portion of the grindingsurface farther from the center before it is properly cracked and agreat amount of power is wasted.

After the substance has found its way to the eccentric ridges f, f', itis exposed to 'the full and sure action of the surface of said ridges,and it is confined between the concentric ridges e, and the flanges L,until it is reduced to the desired fineness, when it escapes through thenotches z'. Vithout these notches it would clog between the eccentricridges f, f, and it would not only form an obstacle to the progress ofthe mill, but it would also be very liable to heat and become. spoiled.

By extending the diamond-shaped notches g, only partially over theridges f, f', no portion of the substance to be ground is allowed toescape without having been eX- posed to the full action of the grindingsurfaces and the ridges f, f, can be made of considerable depth, theflange h, preventing any particle of the substance escaping from themill before it is reduced to the required degree of fineness.

A mill constructed according to my improvements not only lasts longerbefore the grinding surfaces have to be renewed but it can also beoperated with less power and it produces a result of uniform ineness.

It is not necessary to use all the specied improvements in connection,although I believe all used together make a more perfect mill, buteither alone applied to any grinding mill, will be found of advantage.

N otching the eccentric ridges partially across, on the grinding sidewill be found of vgreat utility, as it adds vastly to the grindingsurface, acting upon the grain or other material somewhat like a le orrasp, producing a cutting as well as crushing effect. These notches maybe cut, in any form or at any angle desired with good Veect, so long asthe notch is not cut across the whole width of the ridge, kin which casethe good effect pass through it, to the next space, without reducing itmuch, thereby requiring more diameter of grinding surface to produce thesame result, which of course would require more power, as a portion ofthe work would be done farther from the center of motion.

I do not claim broadly the invention of concentric grinding surfaces,but

Having thus described my invention, what I -claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

The arrangement of the eccentric/ridges f, f', concentric ridges c, andnotched flanges h, with the disks B, F, and concave C as and for thepurposes herein shown and described.

EDWD. J. HYDE.

Witnesses:

CHARLES D. FREEMAN, ARTHUR COLBURN.

would be lost, by allowing the material to Y

